<p><em><strong>Editorial note:</strong> Mike is back all season to provide stories, analysis, and insight into the underlying factors contributing to the Calgary Flames&#8217; special teams.</em></p>
<p></p>
<p>A new era is upon us: new coaches, new players, and hopefully sustainable special teams success. Last season, the Flames struggled mightily on the power play (<strong>29th &#8211; 16.0%</strong>) while they clawed their way back up on the penalty kill to <strong>seventh</strong> in the league (tied with New Jersey and Winnipeg at <strong>81.8%</strong>).</p>
<p>The goal was to provide dynamic improvement <a href="https://flamesnation.ca/2018/06/07/what-to-expect-from-geoff-wards-power-play/">on the power play</a>, giving the Flames the missing piece to take a team ripe with talent in their prime years to the next level. For Ryan Huska, he was tasked with building on some relative successes achieved under Paul Jerrard, but making the penalty kill even more formidable in terms of aggressiveness.</p>
<h2><strong>Focusing on power play zone entries</strong></h2>
<p>A fundamental problem for the Flames last season was their shortcoming in entering the zone and setting up. It&#8217;s one of the most vital aspects of the power play and through large swaths of last season it felt like the Flames were completely inept at finding seams at the blue line.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s only four games into the season, but we do have some data to work with. We&#8217;ll focus on their actual in-zone play later on next week (trust me, we&#8217;re going to need a lot of time with that).</p>
<p>For now, we&#8217;ll be using and resurrecting parts of the work Arik Parnass did prior to joining the Colorado Avalanche. I would strongly recommend <a href="http://www.nhlspecialteams.com/blog/2016/3/5/which-specific-zone-entry-types-are-most-successful">you read his work here</a> as it is directly fueling the type of tracking I&#8217;m doing this season, and a bulk of the terminology is used in this piece.</p>
<p>The constant commotion on Twitter and in the fanbase has been over whether or not the Flames can move away from the drop pass mentality while moving up ice. It ultimately brings up an important question: are the Flames completely ineffective when utilizing drop pass methods on the power play?</p>
<p>Right now through four games the sample isn&#8217;t strong, but it&#8217;s essentially neutral:</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Drop Pass Type</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Successful</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Unsuccessful</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Drop Pass Individual</td>
<td style="text-align: center">5</td>
<td style="text-align: center">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Drop Pass Wide</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0</td>
<td style="text-align: center">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Drop Pass DD</td>
<td style="text-align: center">1</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>As Parnass pointed out <a href="http://www.nhlspecialteams.com/blog/2016/3/1/are-power-play-drop-pass-entries-effective">here</a>, &#8220;not all drop entry plays are created equal.&#8221; Teams like the Flames can&#8217;t solely rely on a one-dimensional approach of drop passing repeatedly to a single player. A reason for Geoff Ward&#8217;s hiring was just this: options and creativity.</p>
<p>This brings us to how Johnny Gaudreau is being utilized so far, which showcases a couple facets to Ward&#8217;s methodology.</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Entry type</strong></td>
<td><strong>Success %</strong></td>
<td><strong>Times Used</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Drop Pass Ind.</td>
<td>50%</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dump-in</td>
<td>100%</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Individual</td>
<td>100%</td>
<td>11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pass Middle</td>
<td>0%</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pass Wide</td>
<td>100%</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Gaudreau has been the primary puck carrier on<strong> 25 of the Flames&#8217; 68 5v4 zone entry attempts</strong>. He currently leads the team in this metric and while impressive, it does highlight an important need for others like Matthew Tkachuk (seven zone entry attempts), Sean Monahan (seven), and Elias Lindholm (five) to contribute a little more. The secondary option gives the PP1 unit a little more extra in terms of flexibility if running entries through Gaudreau on a night, or against a particular team isn&#8217;t working.</p>
<p>Still, it&#8217;s hard not to be impressed with what he can do &#8211; be it small spaces with limited room to get by in, or at full speed:</p>
<div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><iframe loading="lazy" title="Gaudreau zone entries" width="1424" height="801" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/GRbVhBWwBFU?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
<h6>Entry one: Drop pass individual; Entry two: Drop pass individual; Entry three: Individually driven; Entry four: Pass wide (stretch).</h6>
<p>In the first entry, after the drop pass from TJ Brodie, Gaudreau is able to pick up speed and catch the Canucks&#8217; penalty killers and gain the zone. From there, setting up the play begins and the Flames eventually, in a prolonged stretch, generate two shots from this entry.</p>
<p>For the second entry, Brodie picks up speed as the initial puck carrier only to drop once the gap between him and the penalty killers is a stick length away to the trailing Gaudreau going at full speed. The seam that&#8217;s opened gives the Flames easy access to the offensive zone.</p>
<p>The third entry is an individual effort based off a quick regroup in the neutral zone. Gaudreau&#8217;s skill comes into play here, splitting several Nashville defenders, and finding Elias Lindholm for the one-timer. The fourth and final zone entry showcases how the Flames can use effective stretch passing to break the Predators&#8217; formation, creating seams, and then breaking them down quickly in their own zone with three total passes leading to a goal.</p>
<p>The Flames have options and often in the discourse of digesting a game in real time it&#8217;s easy to forget the team has deployed a plethora of different attack plans. With that said, here is the success rate of the different entry options seen so far:</p>
<p><a href="https://flamesnation.ca/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/10/droppasstype.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-54133 size-large" src="https://flamesnation.ca/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/10/droppasstype.png?w=914" alt="" width="914" height="437" /></a></p>
<ul>
<li>The easiest, though less preferred way to enter the zone will always be dumping it in. For the Flames this puts an emphasis on races to puck retrieval and then getting into formation. They have the speed and the skill, but it&#8217;s not always an ends to a mean.</li>
<li><em>Pass Wide</em>, as a means to shift the flow of play into an opening in the defending team&#8217;s penalty kill and allow the puck carrier access to the zone has been fruitful early on (6/6 success rate).</li>
<li><em>Drop pass </em>and the variants versus the others have a lesser success rate currently, but we&#8217;ll see how the Flames handles teams who employ volatile forechecks in the neutral zone.</li>
</ul>
<h2><strong>Penalty kill observations and tracking through four games</strong></h2>
<p>Unremarkable would be the best way to describe the Flames&#8217; ability in defending the blue line last season at 4v5. Through the 60/82 games I&#8217;ve been able to track, the Flames surrendered a controlled zone entry-against <strong>58%</strong> of the time. Through the latter half of the season, things improved gradually, but the point remained: giving the attacking team an open-door policy to their power play isn&#8217;t going to work out well for you in the end.</p>
<p>It was easily one of the most important opportunities for remediation this season and through four games it&#8217;s shown promise as well as some opportunities. Let&#8217;s start by evaluating how the Flames have defended entries so far:</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Formation Type</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Controlled Entries-against %</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Dumped-in Entries-against %</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Breakup %</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Times Utilized</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Passive 1-3</td>
<td style="text-align: center">44.83%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">34.48%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">20.69%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Retreating Box</td>
<td style="text-align: center">20%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">60%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">20%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Same-side Press</td>
<td style="text-align: center">100%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">N/A</td>
<td style="text-align: center">N/A</td>
<td style="text-align: center">1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>At a nearly 3:1 ratio, the Flames have been turning to the Passive 1-3, a formation which they utilized <strong>53%</strong> of the time in my tracking last season. The main observation and takeaway has been how the &#8216;F1&#8217; is being utilized, specifically are they set up in a passive forechecking role or are they applying pressure alongside the puck carrier to steer them into the rest of the penalty kill.</p>
<div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><iframe loading="lazy" title="Passive 1-3 Demos" width="1424" height="801" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FNCC6Mrt4To?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
<p>In the first clip, the Flames set up the forecheck using Austin Czarnik (F1) along with Elias Lindholm (F2), Noah Hanifin (D1), and Dalton Prout (D2). Czarnik&#8217;s role is to apply pressure and be used to disrupt the breakout as the rest of the penalty killers hold the line. Czarnik uses his body to obstruct the path of Alex Edler, which causes problems for Bo Horvat breaking out and through the neutral zone.</p>
<p>The usage of F1 here to steer the puck carrier into a less desired path works out well for the Flames as Hanifin&#8217;s active stick forces Horvat offside negating the entry attempt.</p>
<p>Similarly in the second clip, Michael Frolik is in the &#8216;F1&#8242; spot, playing the aggressor and working to disrupt the Blues&#8217; breakout attempt. While minding his gap, keeping with the puck carrier, Frolik keeps with the trailing Blues player as the drop pass occurs. The combination of Hanifin and TJ Brodie break up the entry and the puck is cleared.</p>
<p>In the final clip, Derek Ryan is in the &#8216;F1&#8217; spot and shadowing Colton Parayko up the ice. Despite the handoff, there&#8217;s a misread by Vladimir Tarasenko and Mikael Backlund is able to poke the puck away to end the entry attempt.</p>
<p>This is one area to keep an eye on as the season progresses. If the team as a whole manages to create an environment that isn&#8217;t conducive to success for the opposition then they&#8217;re set.</p>
<p><strong>Shots per entry through 4GP</strong></p>
<p>Like <a href="https://flamesnation.ca/2018/01/18/half-season-review-the-flames-penalty-kill-part-1/">last season in the penalty kill project,</a> we can evaluate shots per entry and get an idea of what the preferred outcome is if the zone entry is successful versus an entry breakup. We know and can accept that shots will happen, but we can also add another layer of evaluation into the analysis with an expected goals (xG) model. For this season we&#8217;ll use the Evolving Wild <a href="http://rpubs.com/evolvingwild/395136/">xG model to evaluate xG</a> per entry along with it being used on defensive zone formations.</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Entry Type</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Shots per entry</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Unblocked shots per entry</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Shots attempts per entry</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>xGA per Entry</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Controlled</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.33</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.39</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.56</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Dumped in</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.33</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.33</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.50</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.45</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>As the season progresses we&#8217;ll be able to see if the Flames were outperforming the xG model in terms of what is expected versus what transpired, or if the Flames underperformed versus the model. This layer of evaluation will be applied to the 2017-18 tracking data at a later date. The hope is to give a little more analysis to the realm of special teams dissections.</p>
<p><strong>In-zone work and Counterattacking</strong></p>
<p>Not to be forgotten or lost in the conversation is the emphasis on improving in-zone play, specifically setting up in formation and actively working to suppress the opposition&#8217;s power play. Last season through the games tracked, the Flames used the Triangle+1/Wedge+1 formation <strong>70.82%</strong> of the time while the aggressive variant (Czech Press) was employed just <strong>25.5%</strong> of the time.</p>
<div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><iframe loading="lazy" title="AggressivePK" width="1424" height="801" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/z-KsPgP6qYo?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
<p>Like <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvwYEg4QEWI">examples I&#8217;ve shown in the past</a> and work <a href="https://www.broadstreethockey.com/2016/9/1/12721872/philadelphia-flyers-nhl-penalty-kill-analysis-part-4-recommendations">Charlie O&#8217;Connor did back in 2016</a>, it would be recommended that pressure-based tactics should be a priority for the Flames. They have the forward group to be a direct pressure-based team when it comes to trying to suppress power plays, they just need to keep at it for a prolonged period of time. As the league continues to embrace 4F1D units, there are opportunities for pouncing on mistakes and capitalizing.</p>
<p>Fortunately, through the first four games, they&#8217;ve gone hard into using a more direct and threatening approach:</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Formation</strong></td>
<td><strong>Times Deployed</strong></td>
<td><strong>Shots-against per formation</strong></td>
<td><strong>Unblocked shots-against formation</strong></td>
<td><strong>Expected Goals-against</strong></td>
<td><strong>Goals-against</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Czech Press</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>0.74</td>
<td>0.79</td>
<td>1.61</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Triangle/Wedge +1</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>0.80</td>
<td>0.80</td>
<td>0.13</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>This falls very much in line with how Bill Peters and then-assistant coach Steve Smith ran the <a href="https://twitter.com/mikeFAIL/status/917909406578180096">penalty kill for the Carolina Hurricanes</a>. Ryan Stimson of The Athletic has been investigating the Buffalo Sabres&#8217; special teams and will continue to do so this season. He&#8217;s <a href="https://theathletic.com/574240/2018/10/08/sabres-breakdown-looking-at-the-penalty-kill-fourth-line-and-other-early-observations/">drawn attention and the honest question</a> of how much of the Hurricanes&#8217; success was coaching vs. existing talent.</p>
<h2><strong>Wrapping things up</strong></h2>
<p>Right now, the Flames still have a lot of work ahead of them. Finding sustainable and creative options to enter the zone is a big thing moving forward. The team is deeper at forward &#8211; maybe more than they ever have been &#8211; and the coaching staff needs to maximize their chances in creating power play goals in order to be competitive in the Western Conference this year.</p>
<p>Conversely, while shorthanded, the Flames need to continue finding suitable means to an end on preventing shot attempts. This comes primarily post-faceoff with a win and clearing it down the ice to prevent &#8211; to the best of their abilities &#8211; as many zone entry attempts that they can. If ineffective, then it&#8217;s a matter of outperforming the opponent by suppressing their in-zone attack.</p>
<p>Moving forward with this work, the next steps are as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Adding in more and more nuance to this analysis. I have a lot planned this season for both 5v4 and 4v5 work.</li>
<li>Plotting zone entries (for, against), shot attempts (for, against), and other curiosities we can find in-game footage.</li>
<li>Additional work on xG by formation, entry type, and exploring regroup mechanics (regrouping in the neutral zone vs. regrouping down the ice).</li>
</ul>
<p>All xG data <a href="https://twitter.com/EvolvingWild">Luke and Josh Solberg</a> (Evolving Wild &#8211; <a href="https://evolving-hockey.com/">EvolvingHockey.com</a>) &#8211; you can support their work on <a href="https://www.patreon.com/evolvinghockey">Patreon</a> too. All tracking data from myself can be found <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/189QpMAkMY5Anr92HOBjCQN6-byjwDNaLxCk9pg-bnGo/edit?usp=sharing">here for the power play tracking</a> and <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1jNHfBuJhLqj23sMsaNohAPcQWj8-EYUffhwLK1AgXLs/edit?usp=sharing">here for penalty kill tracking</a>.</p>

<em><strong>Editorial note:</strong> Mike is back all season to provide stories, analysis, and insight into the underlying factors contributing to the Calgary Flames' special teams.</em>



A new era is upon us: new coaches, new players, and hopefully sustainable special teams success. Last season, the Flames struggled mightily on the power play (<strong>29th - 16.0%</strong>) while they clawed their way back up on the penalty kill to <strong>seventh</strong> in the league (tied with New Jersey and Winnipeg at <strong>81.8%</strong>).

The goal was to provide dynamic improvement <a href="https://flamesnation.ca/2018/06/07/what-to-expect-from-geoff-wards-power-play/">on the power play</a>, giving the Flames the missing piece to take a team ripe with talent in their prime years to the next level. For Ryan Huska, he was tasked with building on some relative successes achieved under Paul Jerrard, but making the penalty kill even more formidable in terms of aggressiveness.
<h2><strong>Focusing on power play zone entries</strong></h2>
A fundamental problem for the Flames last season was their shortcoming in entering the zone and setting up. It's one of the most vital aspects of the power play and through large swaths of last season it felt like the Flames were completely inept at finding seams at the blue line.

It's only four games into the season, but we do have some data to work with. We'll focus on their actual in-zone play later on next week (trust me, we're going to need a lot of time with that).

For now, we'll be using and resurrecting parts of the work Arik Parnass did prior to joining the Colorado Avalanche. I would strongly recommend <a href="http://www.nhlspecialteams.com/blog/2016/3/5/which-specific-zone-entry-types-are-most-successful">you read his work here</a> as it is directly fueling the type of tracking I'm doing this season, and a bulk of the terminology is used in this piece.

The constant commotion on Twitter and in the fanbase has been over whether or not the Flames can move away from the drop pass mentality while moving up ice. It ultimately brings up an important question: are the Flames completely ineffective when utilizing drop pass methods on the power play?

Right now through four games the sample isn't strong, but it's essentially neutral:
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Drop Pass Type</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Successful</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Unsuccessful</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Drop Pass Individual</td>
<td style="text-align: center">5</td>
<td style="text-align: center">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Drop Pass Wide</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0</td>
<td style="text-align: center">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Drop Pass DD</td>
<td style="text-align: center">1</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
As Parnass pointed out <a href="http://www.nhlspecialteams.com/blog/2016/3/1/are-power-play-drop-pass-entries-effective">here</a>, "not all drop entry plays are created equal." Teams like the Flames can't solely rely on a one-dimensional approach of drop passing repeatedly to a single player. A reason for Geoff Ward's hiring was just this: options and creativity.

This brings us to how Johnny Gaudreau is being utilized so far, which showcases a couple facets to Ward's methodology.
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Entry type</strong></td>
<td><strong>Success %</strong></td>
<td><strong>Times Used</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Drop Pass Ind.</td>
<td>50%</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dump-in</td>
<td>100%</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Individual</td>
<td>100%</td>
<td>11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pass Middle</td>
<td>0%</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pass Wide</td>
<td>100%</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Gaudreau has been the primary puck carrier on<strong> 25 of the Flames' 68 5v4 zone entry attempts</strong>. He currently leads the team in this metric and while impressive, it does highlight an important need for others like Matthew Tkachuk (seven zone entry attempts), Sean Monahan (seven), and Elias Lindholm (five) to contribute a little more. The secondary option gives the PP1 unit a little more extra in terms of flexibility if running entries through Gaudreau on a night, or against a particular team isn't working.

Still, it's hard not to be impressed with what he can do - be it small spaces with limited room to get by in, or at full speed:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRbVhBWwBFU&amp;feature=youtu.be
<h6>Entry one: Drop pass individual; Entry two: Drop pass individual; Entry three: Individually driven; Entry four: Pass wide (stretch).</h6>
In the first entry, after the drop pass from TJ Brodie, Gaudreau is able to pick up speed and catch the Canucks' penalty killers and gain the zone. From there, setting up the play begins and the Flames eventually, in a prolonged stretch, generate two shots from this entry.

For the second entry, Brodie picks up speed as the initial puck carrier only to drop once the gap between him and the penalty killers is a stick length away to the trailing Gaudreau going at full speed. The seam that's opened gives the Flames easy access to the offensive zone.

The third entry is an individual effort based off a quick regroup in the neutral zone. Gaudreau's skill comes into play here, splitting several Nashville defenders, and finding Elias Lindholm for the one-timer. The fourth and final zone entry showcases how the Flames can use effective stretch passing to break the Predators' formation, creating seams, and then breaking them down quickly in their own zone with three total passes leading to a goal.

The Flames have options and often in the discourse of digesting a game in real time it's easy to forget the team has deployed a plethora of different attack plans. With that said, here is the success rate of the different entry options seen so far:

<a href="https://flamesnation.ca/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/10/droppasstype.png"><img class="aligncenter wp-image-54133 size-large" src="https://flamesnation.ca/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/10/droppasstype.png?w=914" alt="" width="914" height="437" /></a>
<ul>
 	<li>The easiest, though less preferred way to enter the zone will always be dumping it in. For the Flames this puts an emphasis on races to puck retrieval and then getting into formation. They have the speed and the skill, but it's not always an ends to a mean.</li>
 	<li><em>Pass Wide</em>, as a means to shift the flow of play into an opening in the defending team's penalty kill and allow the puck carrier access to the zone has been fruitful early on (6/6 success rate).</li>
 	<li><em>Drop pass </em>and the variants versus the others have a lesser success rate currently, but we'll see how the Flames handles teams who employ volatile forechecks in the neutral zone.</li>
</ul>
<h2><strong>Penalty kill observations and tracking through four games</strong></h2>
Unremarkable would be the best way to describe the Flames' ability in defending the blue line last season at 4v5. Through the 60/82 games I've been able to track, the Flames surrendered a controlled zone entry-against <strong>58%</strong> of the time. Through the latter half of the season, things improved gradually, but the point remained: giving the attacking team an open-door policy to their power play isn't going to work out well for you in the end.

It was easily one of the most important opportunities for remediation this season and through four games it's shown promise as well as some opportunities. Let's start by evaluating how the Flames have defended entries so far:
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Formation Type</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Controlled Entries-against %</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Dumped-in Entries-against %</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Breakup %</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Times Utilized</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Passive 1-3</td>
<td style="text-align: center">44.83%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">34.48%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">20.69%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Retreating Box</td>
<td style="text-align: center">20%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">60%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">20%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Same-side Press</td>
<td style="text-align: center">100%</td>
<td style="text-align: center">N/A</td>
<td style="text-align: center">N/A</td>
<td style="text-align: center">1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
At a nearly 3:1 ratio, the Flames have been turning to the Passive 1-3, a formation which they utilized <strong>53%</strong> of the time in my tracking last season. The main observation and takeaway has been how the 'F1' is being utilized, specifically are they set up in a passive forechecking role or are they applying pressure alongside the puck carrier to steer them into the rest of the penalty kill.

https://youtu.be/FNCC6Mrt4To

In the first clip, the Flames set up the forecheck using Austin Czarnik (F1) along with Elias Lindholm (F2), Noah Hanifin (D1), and Dalton Prout (D2). Czarnik's role is to apply pressure and be used to disrupt the breakout as the rest of the penalty killers hold the line. Czarnik uses his body to obstruct the path of Alex Edler, which causes problems for Bo Horvat breaking out and through the neutral zone.

The usage of F1 here to steer the puck carrier into a less desired path works out well for the Flames as Hanifin's active stick forces Horvat offside negating the entry attempt.

Similarly in the second clip, Michael Frolik is in the 'F1' spot, playing the aggressor and working to disrupt the Blues' breakout attempt. While minding his gap, keeping with the puck carrier, Frolik keeps with the trailing Blues player as the drop pass occurs. The combination of Hanifin and TJ Brodie break up the entry and the puck is cleared.

In the final clip, Derek Ryan is in the 'F1' spot and shadowing Colton Parayko up the ice. Despite the handoff, there's a misread by Vladimir Tarasenko and Mikael Backlund is able to poke the puck away to end the entry attempt.

This is one area to keep an eye on as the season progresses. If the team as a whole manages to create an environment that isn't conducive to success for the opposition then they're set.

<strong>Shots per entry through 4GP</strong>

Like <a href="https://flamesnation.ca/2018/01/18/half-season-review-the-flames-penalty-kill-part-1/">last season in the penalty kill project,</a> we can evaluate shots per entry and get an idea of what the preferred outcome is if the zone entry is successful versus an entry breakup. We know and can accept that shots will happen, but we can also add another layer of evaluation into the analysis with an expected goals (xG) model. For this season we'll use the Evolving Wild <a href="http://rpubs.com/evolvingwild/395136/">xG model to evaluate xG</a> per entry along with it being used on defensive zone formations.
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Entry Type</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Shots per entry</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Unblocked shots per entry</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>Shots attempts per entry</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center"><strong>xGA per Entry</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Controlled</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.33</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.39</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.56</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center">Dumped in</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.33</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.33</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.50</td>
<td style="text-align: center">0.45</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
As the season progresses we'll be able to see if the Flames were outperforming the xG model in terms of what is expected versus what transpired, or if the Flames underperformed versus the model. This layer of evaluation will be applied to the 2017-18 tracking data at a later date. The hope is to give a little more analysis to the realm of special teams dissections.

<strong>In-zone work and Counterattacking</strong>

Not to be forgotten or lost in the conversation is the emphasis on improving in-zone play, specifically setting up in formation and actively working to suppress the opposition's power play. Last season through the games tracked, the Flames used the Triangle+1/Wedge+1 formation <strong>70.82%</strong> of the time while the aggressive variant (Czech Press) was employed just <strong>25.5%</strong> of the time.

https://youtu.be/z-KsPgP6qYo

Like <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvwYEg4QEWI">examples I've shown in the past</a> and work <a href="https://www.broadstreethockey.com/2016/9/1/12721872/philadelphia-flyers-nhl-penalty-kill-analysis-part-4-recommendations">Charlie O'Connor did back in 2016</a>, it would be recommended that pressure-based tactics should be a priority for the Flames. They have the forward group to be a direct pressure-based team when it comes to trying to suppress power plays, they just need to keep at it for a prolonged period of time. As the league continues to embrace 4F1D units, there are opportunities for pouncing on mistakes and capitalizing.

Fortunately, through the first four games, they've gone hard into using a more direct and threatening approach:
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Formation</strong></td>
<td><strong>Times Deployed</strong></td>
<td><strong>Shots-against per formation</strong></td>
<td><strong>Unblocked shots-against formation</strong></td>
<td><strong>Expected Goals-against</strong></td>
<td><strong>Goals-against</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Czech Press</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>0.74</td>
<td>0.79</td>
<td>1.61</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Triangle/Wedge +1</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>0.80</td>
<td>0.80</td>
<td>0.13</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
This falls very much in line with how Bill Peters and then-assistant coach Steve Smith ran the <a href="https://twitter.com/mikeFAIL/status/917909406578180096">penalty kill for the Carolina Hurricanes</a>. Ryan Stimson of The Athletic has been investigating the Buffalo Sabres' special teams and will continue to do so this season. He's <a href="https://theathletic.com/574240/2018/10/08/sabres-breakdown-looking-at-the-penalty-kill-fourth-line-and-other-early-observations/">drawn attention and the honest question</a> of how much of the Hurricanes' success was coaching vs. existing talent.
<h2><strong>Wrapping things up</strong></h2>
Right now, the Flames still have a lot of work ahead of them. Finding sustainable and creative options to enter the zone is a big thing moving forward. The team is deeper at forward - maybe more than they ever have been - and the coaching staff needs to maximize their chances in creating power play goals in order to be competitive in the Western Conference this year.

Conversely, while shorthanded, the Flames need to continue finding suitable means to an end on preventing shot attempts. This comes primarily post-faceoff with a win and clearing it down the ice to prevent - to the best of their abilities - as many zone entry attempts that they can. If ineffective, then it's a matter of outperforming the opponent by suppressing their in-zone attack.

Moving forward with this work, the next steps are as follows:
<ul>
 	<li>Adding in more and more nuance to this analysis. I have a lot planned this season for both 5v4 and 4v5 work.</li>
 	<li>Plotting zone entries (for, against), shot attempts (for, against), and other curiosities we can find in-game footage.</li>
 	<li>Additional work on xG by formation, entry type, and exploring regroup mechanics (regrouping in the neutral zone vs. regrouping down the ice).</li>
</ul>
All xG data <a href="https://twitter.com/EvolvingWild">Luke and Josh Solberg</a> (Evolving Wild - <a href="https://evolving-hockey.com/">EvolvingHockey.com</a>) - you can support their work on <a href="https://www.patreon.com/evolvinghockey">Patreon</a> too. All tracking data from myself can be found <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/189QpMAkMY5Anr92HOBjCQN6-byjwDNaLxCk9pg-bnGo/edit?usp=sharing">here for the power play tracking</a> and <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1jNHfBuJhLqj23sMsaNohAPcQWj8-EYUffhwLK1AgXLs/edit?usp=sharing">here for penalty kill tracking</a>.

First look: Flames special teams for 2018-19

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